DotNet Framework Question and Answer answer 2016

DotNet Framework Question and Answer answer 2016.

1. What is .NET Framework?
The .NET Framework has two main components: the common language runtime and
the .NET Framework class library.

You can think of the runtime as an agent that manages code at execution time,
providing core services such as memory management, thread management, and
remoting, while also enforcing strict type safety and other forms of code accuracy that
ensure security and robustness.
The class library, is a comprehensive, object-oriented collection of reusable types that
you can use to develop applications ranging from traditional command-line or
graphical user interface (GUI) applications to applications based on the latest
innovations provided by ASP.NET, such as Web Forms and XML Web services.
2. What is CLR?
The CLS is simply a specification that defines the rules to support language integration
in such a way that programs written in any language, yet can interoperate with one
another, taking full advantage of inheritance, polymorphism, exceptions, and other
features. These rules and the specification are documented in the ECMA proposed
standard document, “Partition I Architecture”, available here.

3. Is .NET a runtime service or a development platform?
Ans: It’s both and actually a lot more. Microsoft .NET includes a new way of delivering
software and services to businesses and consumers. A part of Microsoft.NET is the
.NET Frameworks. The .NET frameworks SDK consists of two parts: the .NET common
language runtime and the .NET class library. In addition, the SDK also includes
command-line compilers for C#, C++, JScript, and VB. You use these compilers to
build applications and components. These components require the runtime to execute
so this is a development platform.

4. What are the new features of Framework 1.1 ?
1. Native Support for Developing Mobile Web Applications
2. Enable Execution of Windows Forms Assemblies Originating from the Internet
Assemblies originating from the Internet zone—for example, Microsoft
Windows® Forms controls embedded in an Internet-based Web page or
Windows Forms assemblies hosted on an Internet Web server and loaded
either through the Web browser or programmatically using the
System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadFrom() method—now receive sufficient
permission to execute in a semi-trusted manner. Default security policy has
been changed so that assemblies assigned by the common language runtime
(CLR) to the Internet zone code group now receive the constrained
permissions associated with the Internet permission set. In the .NET
Framework 1.0 Service Pack 1 and Service Pack 2, such applications received
the permissions associated with the Nothing permission set and could not
execute.
3. Enable Code Access Security for ASP.NET Applications
Systems administrators can now use code access security to further lock down
the permissions granted to ASP.NET Web applications and Web services.
Although the operating system account under which an application runs
imposes security restrictions on the application, the code access security
system of the CLR can enforce additional restrictions on selected application
resources based on policies specified by systems administrators. You can use
this feature in a shared server environment (such as an Internet service
provider (ISP) hosting multiple Web applications on one server) to isolate
separate applications from one another, as well as with stand-alone servers
where you want applications to run with the minimum necessary privileges.
4. Native Support for Communicating with ODBC and Oracle Databases
5. Unified Programming Model for Smart Client Application Development
The Microsoft .NET Compact Framework brings the CLR, Windows Forms
controls, and other .NET Framework features to small devices. The .NET
Compact Framework supports a large subset of the .NET Framework class
library optimized for small devices.
6. Support for IPv6
The .NET Framework 1.1 supports the emerging update to the Internet
Protocol, commonly referred to as IP version 6, or simply IPv6. This protocol is
designed to significantly increase the address space used to identify
communication endpoints in the Internet to accommodate its ongoing growth.